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◈ 윤치호일기 (1934년) ◈
◇ 12월 ◇
해설   목차 (총 : 12권)     이전 12권 ▶마지막
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1. 12월 1일

2
1st. Saturday. Bright.
 
3
Seoul home. Found a little thin layer of snow on the ground.
4
3 p.m. a big crowd of missionaries and Koreans were out at the Station to bid farewell to Dr. Noble and his wife. Really sorry to see this old veteran of the Cross leave Korea for good. The Church will miss him very much.
5
Military drill was for the first time introduced into the 1st and 2nd Public Higher Common Schools(for Korean boys) from the beginning of the Fall term. The great importance which the Japanese authorities―especially the military-attache to the novel experiment is evinced by the simple fact that the Governor General and the Commanders, of the army and of the Gendarmey spent hours this morning in inspecting the drilling exercises of the boys of the First Higher Common School. If they find the experiment satisfactory they will introduce military drill into all the Higher Common Schools in Seoul, private and public.
6
As conscription is a little too early in Korea, volunteers may be levied. Under one or another system, the Korean youths will certainly be asked to contribute their share of service and sacrifice to the war-like preparations of Japan.
 
 

2. 12월 2일

8
2nd. Sunday. Bright―Cold.
 
9
Seoul home. I am having another attack of cold.
 
 

3. 12월 3일

11
3rd. Monday. Bright―Cold.
 
12
Seoul home. The tiny monarchies of Samaria and of Judah exhibit in microscopic form all the vices and sins in court intrigues, dynastic crimes, despotic abuses, international complications, that great nations all over the world in all ages have enacted. What the kings of lsrael and of Judah did in their dealings with Assyria reads like a Korean history.
13
What is discouraging is that the Hebrew prophets who professed to hold direct communication with the All-mighty Jehovah had no better success in keeping kings and states from committing all sorts of crimes than Confucius had in China and Korea or Buddah in India or Siam or Christianity in Europe. One may console himself by saying that without these great system of religion and philosophy things might have been worse than they have been or are. Besides the human race may finally realize that they must obey the teachings of these religions if they really want to live like man and not to die like jungle beast.
 
 

4. 12월 4일

15
4th. Tuesday. Bright―Cold.
 
16
Seoul home.
 
 

5. 12월 5일

18
5th. Wednesday. Lovely―Cold.
 
19
Seoul home. This morning 鄭在洽 called about 10. He is a clerk in the District Court. He claims to be a relative of 鄭光鉉. The latter tells me that 鄭在洽, after deducting from his monthly salary just enough to pay his board, devotes the balance in buying presents for his Japanese superiors. His ambition is to become a second Pak Choon Kum, the Korean M.P. But both 光鉉 and I have found out that he is as dangerous when he tells a lie as when he happens to tell a truth. This bright but bothersome fellow has been pestering Allen, 光鉉 and 致昌 to persuade me to invite Messrs. Ikeda, the Director of Police Bureau and Ushizima, the Director of Home Bureau to a home prepared feast at our own home. We don't know what sort of lies he has been telling these Japanese officials. I had to be as guarded as possible in my conversation but I have no power to keep him from perverting what I may have said. The system and policy of governing of espionage make these little mischievous busy bodies as dangerous as the eunucks in the palace under the old Emperor of Korea.
 
 

6. 12월 6일

21
6th. Thursday. Lovely―Cold.
 
22
Seoul home. Confined to room with a very bad cold. Won Suni(源善) , the third son of cousin No. 2, the handsomest and most lovable of six fine boys, is to be wedded to Princess Yi Jin Won, the great-grand-daughter of Tai Won Koon. She may make a good wife but a very unmanageable daughter-in-law.
 
 

7. 12월 7일

24
7th. Friday. Lovely―Cold.
 
25
Seoul home. Cold a little better. Stayed home. This morning Hyon Dong Wan called. He said he had retuned from his trip to Shanghai last night. Glad to see him well. He said (1) he had a royal welcome from Mr. and Mrs. Gillet; (2) that he met Dr. Sherwood Eddy who has been lecturing to Chinese students and leaders in all walks of life from Peking to Hang-Chow, not on social welfare topics like birth control etc., but on pure Gospel truths believing that the only way to save the world is through the faith in God; (3) that S.E. was simply overjoyed to see him sharing his room for days; (4) that S.E. universally welcomed by the Chiness, is so hated by the Japanese that he doesn't think of visiting Japan or any place under the domination of Japan; (5) that Shanghai is completely in the power, or the fear of, the Japanese who keep up magnificent military and naval equipments ready for action at any moment; (6) that he met 張斗喆 who is making a good living, 孫昌植 who is at the head of an organization whose object is to encourage high grade technical inventions; (7) that he visited the rural betterment works that are being done by missionaries and Chinese; (8) that he is going to devote his time from now to similar work; (9) that he will quit his work in Central Y. unless Cynn gives him absolute free hand in the industrial dept.
 
 

8. 12월 8일

27
8th. Saturday. Lovely―Mild for the season.
 
28
Seoul home. Stayed home. Mailed a letter to Bishop Candler.
 
 

9. 12월 9일

30
9th. Sunday. Lovely―Pleasant.
 
31
Seoul home. Stayed home.
32
As things look now it is not at all likely that Hyon will find it tolerable to work under Cynn in the Y. I myself feel reluctant to act as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Central Y. I would dislike very much to pray for the Central Y. knowing as I do that it is now the headquarters of Cynn's Juk Kuk Dan and not Young Men's Christian Association. I would far prefer to resign my chairmanship but that might mean an open quarrel with Cynn―which I want to avoid by all means.
 
 

10. 12월 10일

34
10th. Monday. Cloudy―Mild.
 
35
Seoul home. 4:30―9 p.m. the Society for Promotion of Correct Spelling of the Korean Script(朝鮮文記寫整理期生會) held a general meeting at the Bright Moon Restaurant. Twenty six persons present. I suggested to appoint a Committee who will after having carefully studied the various systems of spelling now in vague frame a system which we can recommend to the public as the most suitable one. Much opposition but was finally adopted. I think the step is a sensible one because the Society has no raison d'etre unless it does something of that nature.
 
 

11. 12월 11일

37
11th. Tuesday. Bright.
 
38
Seoul home. Called on Shim Su Kwan(沈壽官) . He is the direct descendant of the 13th generation of one of the 50 artisans who were carried away captive to Kagoshima 330 or more years ago by Shimatsu, the Lord of the Feudal state of Satsuma. The artisans who were porcelain makers started the famous "Satsuma yaki" business and kept it up for the last 3 centuries. The descendants of the 50 captives have grown to a population of 2,500 souls of today.
39
The captives intermarried among themselves for the last 3 centuries. In physical and intellectual qualities they are fully―even above―the average standard of the Japanese. The descendants of the Korean artisans are now many of them ashamed of their ancestry so that they change their names into Japanese. Shim is one of the sensible men who are rather proud of their Korean descendant.
 
 

12. 12월 12일

41
12th. Wednesday. Bright. Mild.
 
42
Left Seoul with Joseph for Paik Chun Hot Springs 8 a.m. train. Candler boarded the train at the Song Do Station. Arrived at the Spring a little after 9 a.m. A refresing bath in the Chun Il Kak Hotel. This hotel, a rather ambitious plant for a Korean company has to be run on the Japanese plan―food, service and all. Formerly I thought that wasn't right but now I can't help endorsing it because it would be impossible to keep the hotel clean with Korean servants and Korean.
 
 

13. 12월 13일

44
13th. Thursday. Cloudy.
 
45
Paik Chun Hot Springs.
46
Left Paik Chun 3:17 p.m. Transferred to the main line train 4:20 at To Sung Station. Reached home 6:30. All well thank God.
47
One of the main planks in the official platform program of the Pan-Asia Movement of Japan is the liberation of the non-white races of Asia from the vassal age of the white people. So far so good. But how about the Koreans? They say the Koreans being of the same origin with the Japanese race as shown in their language, ancestral worship etc., are inseparable from the Japanese national system. Further, the Pan-Asia advocates declare the Koreans were not subjugated by force but were annexed to Japan by the free will of the Korean people and the voluntary consent of the Emperor of Korea. Might can make anything right in international relations.
48
Good will and fair dealing can make a solid state out of three distinct races speaking three different languages like Switzerland while mistreatment and misunderstanding separated the 13 colonies from England. Who will tell me that the Americans are different from the English in origin, in religion, in language and in culture?
 
 

14. 12월 14일

50
14th. Friday. Pretty. Mild.
 
51
Seoul home.
 
 

15. 12월 15일

53
15th. Saturday. Gloomy. Mild.
 
54
Seoul home.
55
Our daughter Laura is one of the sweetest women in Korea. She has inherited in a large measure the sweetness, patience and gentleness of her mother―my angel Sieutsung. But her husband Kim Kung Sun is one of the good-for-nothing men in Korea. He lost his job as assistant teacher in a Korean Primary School in Song Do on account of his inefficiency. He spents his salary in keeping another woman while Laura and children depend on me for their support.
 
 

16. 12월 16일

57
16th. Sunday. Gloomy―Chilly p.m.
 
58
Seoul home. Took lunch at the Lily Garden Restaurant where I invited Dr. Kim Yung Hui. He says he is at a loss to know which is the best course to take: namely whether to stay in the Ewha College where he has to serve two "Mistresses" whose opinions clash almost on every important subjects, or to enter the Central Y. service to be at the mercy of Cynn's whims. I advised him to stick to his present job for the time being, as Miss Appenzeller wants him to stay, while the favors and promises of Cynn can't be depended on.
59
From 2:30 to 4 Jung Dong M.E. Church where the Methodists of the city were gathered in large number to hear Bishop Moore preach.
 
 

17. 12월 17일

61
17th. Monday. Gloomy. Rain p.m.
 
62
Seoul home. 9:30 this morning the Board of Control for Song Do H.C. School, met at Dr. Hardies' to talk with Bishop Moore about the endowment plan of the school. The Bishop said that there are three possible ways in which the Board of Missions can give its share of the fund to be raised. (1) By getting a subscription from some individual giver; (2) by selling some property the mission owns in Song Do, the proceeds to be handed over to the Song Do H.C. School; (3) so much a year to cover the interest of the sum which the Board intends to give to the school until such time as when it can secure the money. The Bishop suggested that the last two ways are perhaps the best to adopt since it is practically impossible to secure any individual gifts for such an institution. All the members―Dr. Ryang, Messrs. Snyder, Gerdine, Kim Joon Ok―agreed with the Bishop. Two committees appointed, one to draft a constitution for the Juridical person for the Song Do H.C. School, and another to prepare a petition asking the Board of Missions (1) to grant the sale of some property in Song Do and (2) to give us so much a year to cover the interest of say, 80,000 Yen.
63
Jung Jai Hup phoned me this afternoon not to attend the Saturday Club meeting as subscriptions may be asked.
 
 

18. 12월 18일

65
18th. Tuesday. Bright. Cold.
 
66
Seoul home. 10 a.m. to the C.C.C. to give a Christmas chapel talk. Lunch at Mr. Choi S.I.'s.
 
 

19. 12월 19일

68
19th. Wednesday. Bright. Mild.
 
69
Seoul home. Some years ago a quarrel broke out in the Sung Dong Presbyterian Church between Pastor Pak Yong Hui and Yi Jai Hyung, the honorary Pastor. Yi being a yangban the congregation was split up between pro-Yi and pro-Pak factions. The quarrel became so disgraceful that the General Assembly in 1933 suspended Pastor Pak for two years. But the sentence was mitigated by the Assembly this year and Pak was restored to his pastoral priviledges. Pak then appealed to the Seoul Presbytery and got a resolution passed to secede from the General Assembly. Of the 10 churches composing the Seoul Presbytery 5 side with Pak and 6 with the General Assembly. The missionary members are all against Pak. Cynn is by all suspected of being the instigator of the secession.
 
 

20. 12월 20일

71
20th. Thursday. Pale sun. Mild.
 
72
Seoul home. 1:30 p.m. with family went to the Public Hall (公會堂) to witness the wedding ceremony of cousin No. 2's fourth son 源善, which took place at 2:15. A big crowd most of women. Considering the fact the bride is the great grand daughter of Tai-Won Koon, the absence of such Korean aristocrats as Min Byong Suk, Yun Tuk Yung, Yi Jai Kon, who have good seasons to be present, was painfully conspicuous. Marquis Pak in whose name the invitations were issued didn't come. It was a disgraceful vanity on the part of cousins to borrow his name for the invitations and it was disgraceful pride on the part of Pak not to attend the ceremony. The usual feast at Myung Wol Kwan. Over 500 guests of whom 150 were self invited.
 
 

21. 12월 21일

74
21st. Friday. Cloudy―Drizzling rain p.m.
 
75
Seoul home.
76
5 p.m. went to the Sik-D-Won Restaurant to act as host for the wedding feast given by cousin Chi-So to a large number of guests who couldn't come to the Myong Wol Kwan yesterday. About 150 present.
77
The reason why Cynn is suspected of being at the bottom of the factional quarrels of the Presbyterians in Seoul is that the principal leaders of the anti-Assembly faction―Messrs. Pak Yung Hui, Han Tai Yung, Jun Pil Soon, Choi Suk Joo etc. are all the cabinet members of Juk-Kuk-Dan. Hong Pyong Duk one of the most active secessionists is at the same time the right hand man of Cynn. Cynn's ambition seems to be directed toward making himself the boss of every church organ.
78
He has succeeded in controling through his "soldiers" the Central Y. the East Gate Hospital, the Christian Messenger, the Jung Dong Methodist Church, the Pai-Chai H.C. School.
 
 

22. 12월 22일

80
22nd. Saturday. Cloudy a.m. Drizzle p.m.
 
81
Seoul home. 12 morning went to the Chosen Hotel with wife as guests to a dinner given by the Prince Yi Household in honor of the newly married couple, Yun Won Sun and Yi Jin Won. General Ukaki, the Governor General and a number of Directors and their wives present. The dinner passed off in good order.
 
 

23. 12월 23일

83
23rd. Sunday. Pretty―Mild.
 
84
Seoul home. The weather so mild that even a light overcoat is superfluous. 11 this morning went to the Namsan Shrine square to attend the mass celebration of the 1st Anniversary of the birth of the Crown Prince of Japan.
85
Sohn Won Il, the brother-in-law of Chi-Chang returned to Seoul having been released by the Pyong Yang Police. Sohn went through the horrible water torture―pumping water through his nostrils―8 times, swooning every time.
 
 

24. 12월 24일

87
24th. Monday. Beautiful. Mild.
 
88
Seoul home. So mild that no fire is needed in the room.
89
Took sukiyaki supper at the Yedogawa Restaurant with Messrs. 具滋玉 and 兪 Uk Kyum. I asked Yu what he would think if I resigned my chairmanship on the Central Y. Board of Directors since I can't follow blindly Cynn's ways of doing things in the Y. Of course I wouldn't give my reason for resignation, my disapproval of C.'s plans and schemes. My old age would be a sufficient reason for withdrawing form chairmanship in various societies. Yu persuaded me not to resign as that might expose Cynn to very embarassing situation.
 
 

25. 12월 25일

91
25th. Tuesday. Bright―Cold.
 
92
Seoul home. A thin layer of snow on the ground in the morning.
93
Received a letter yesterday from Dr. Jams S. Gale. Confucius said 25 centurie's ago: "How pleasant it is to have a friend from a far country!" To get an affectionate letter from an old dear friend is the next best thing to seeing him face to face. In my answer I said: This little Korea sandwiched between great empires armed and are arming to the teeth―well I remember hearing years ago a saying: "God sakes care of children, fools and Americans." Now that Americans can take care of themselves, I hope God will take care of children, fools and Koreans.
 
 

26. 12월 26일

95
26th. Wednesday. Pale. Mild. Chilly p.m.
 
96
Seoul home. This morning called on Miss Wagner about 9. She is gathering material for my biographical sketch. I gave her an outline of the principal events of my life from 1881 to date in chronological order.
97
璋善 and 琦善 left Seoul 12:30 train for Song Do for a vacation trip. God grant these precious children shall have refreshing and recuperating holidays.
98
Dr. Oh Kung Sun told me this morning that Cynn had called on him a few days ago to say among other things that if Hyon was retained four other men would leave the Y. Oh bluntly suggested that it would be better for Y. to keep one Hyon and let the other four go.
 
 

27. 12월 27일

100
27th. Thursday. Bright―Cold.
 
101
Seoul home. Mr. Sim Soo Kwan(沈壽官) is the direct descendant of the 13th generation of one of the Korean artisans, 50 in all, whom Shimatsu the Lord of the Feudal State of Satsuma, took away captives. He settled them in Kagoshima in a village named Iju-in. By profession the Koreans were porcelain makers. They started the manufacture of porcelain which became world famous as Satsuma yaki. They also began manufacturing camphor insect powder. The descendants of the 50 settlers now number about 2,500 souls. They intermarried among themselves for the last 330 years; but they don't seem to suffered any blood deganeration. After the Meji era they were given the priviledges of Samurai and now many of the Korean descendants occupy prominent positions in official and social life. The director of the European section in the Foreign Office is one of them. But these men are ashamed of being known as Korean descendants, so they have adopted Japanese names. Sim Soo Kwan is rather proud of his being a descendant of the Koreans who have rendered such a distinguished service to the industry of Japan.
 
 

28. 12월 28일

103
27th. Friday. Cloudy. Chilly.
 
104
Seoul home. Uncle left Seoul for Sai-Mal home 12:30. With 寶姬 and 珽善, I left Seoul 12:30 for Song Do. Rain drops on the way.
 
 

29. 12월 29일

106
29th. Saturday. Bright and cold.
 
107
Song Do home.
108
The prefectural officials of Song Do confiscated many hundred thousands of tsubos of land from private owners to build the so called "sight-seeing roads"(遊覽道路) . These new roads are rapidly falling into bad condition as repairs are neglected.
109
The Song Do Koreans formerly well-reputed for their business honesty are becoming more and more unreliable so that it is almost impossible to keep a concern going that requires the co-operation of several investors.
 
 

30. 12월 30일

111
30th. Sunday. Cloudy. Mild.
 
112
Left Song Do for Paik Chun Springs. 璋善, 龍, 民 by rail. 珽, 寶, 鼎, 貞, 亮, 英, 勝, 琦, by auto. The road very good. It took just an hour to cover the distance. Put up at Chun-Il-Kak. Refreshing bath. Left the Springs a little past 2:30. 璋, 琦, 龍, 民 stayed at the Springs for another day. The rest of children returned to Song Do with me.
 
 

31. 12월 31일

114
31st. Monday. Windy.
 
115
Song Do home. Wind and a little rain after mid-night. Wind and snow from 9 in the morning. Sent ¥5.00 more to 璋善 care of bus telling him to have another day of bathing, if he and companions so desired.
116
The winter has been so mild that there is not a sheet of water frozen enough either in Seoul or Song Do for skating.
117
Well, this is the last day of the year 1934. The biggest and welcomest snow this winter. As the snow flakes melt as they hit the ground not much piling up.
118
Returned to Seoul with 珽善 by 4:42 train reaching home nearly 7. All well, thank God.
119
All is well, that ends well.
120
Praise God from Whom all Blessings flow
121
Praise Father, Son and Holy Ghost!
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